IMPACTS OF COVID-19 ON HUMAN RIGHTS: PERCEPTIONS OF RESIDENTS OF THE CITY OF RIO DE JANEIRO

The concept of human rights is not consensual, however, it persists in the moral, political and legal culture of the modern world. The State has always occupied an ambiguous and dialectical place, sometimes being directly or indirectly responsible for the offense, sometimes responsible for the protection of rights. In addition to the aspect of legitimacy, the Covid-19 pandemic led to a much more serious problem related to the policy adopted by the Brazilian Government and its effects. In order to know the perception of residents of the city of Rio de Janeiro on aspects related to the impacts of Covid-19 on 5 basic rights: health, education, freedom to come and go, work and income, and voting, a survey of the type web survey. To reach the respondents, the snowball method was used, having as a starting point the contact list of the study authors. As a result, most respondents identified the five rights mentioned as Human Rights and revealed that they believe that: 1) public authorities are responsible for limiting rights;2) the restriction of any of the aforementioned rights is justifiable during the pandemic;3) the impact of limitations on rights on lower socioeconomic classes was greater;4) are dissatisfied with the performance of the Federal Government regarding the measures adopted;and, finally, 5) who are complying with the rules of social isolation at the same time that other residents of the city of Rio de Janeiro are not. © 2022 AIUB Office of Research and Publication. All rights reserved.

Electrochemical point-of-care devices for monitoring waterborne pathogens: Protozoa, bacteria, and viruses – An overview

Water is considered a natural resource of high importance to the society whose availability and quality are in great demand. The water that reaches homes may contain different species, among them microorganisms like bacteria, protozoa and viruses that can contaminate and compromise the health and safety of the population. Thus, frequent water analysis would allow the monitoring of potentially harmful and/or toxic species that can be found in water resources. The application of point-of-care devices (POCs) for monitoring water ensures faster on-site analysis. The use of electrochemistry as a detection technique for a specific analyte presents itself as a promising way, being able to serve different targets reporting fast, selective and reproducible responses. After the COVID-19 outbreak in the world, the necessity of the development of such devices that may monitor species quickly, even at low concentrations was evidenced. The conventional methods of water analysis are still the most widely employed, despite the existence of already well-established modes of detection of target species by electrochemical techniques allowing on-site detection with POCs. In the quest to elucidate such issues, this review aims to show some biosensors devices developed for the detection of bacteria, protozoa, and viruses, attempting to understand what would still be needed for the large-scale application of these devices in water monitoring, identifying the innovative features and shortcomings of POCs. © 2022 The Authors

Klein's Remdesivir-nucleobase synthesis revisited: Chemoselective cyanation of pyrrol-2-carboxaldehyde

4-Aminopyrrolo[2,1-f][1,2,4]triazine is a fundamental raw material in the synthesis of remdesivir, which demand has increased due to the tests and potential repositioning of this drug against Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Here, three chemical steps route for the preparation of remdesivir's nucleobase is described. Particularly, a highly chemoselective cyanation of Klein's route and successful application of monochloramine prepared from commercial bleach as an N-amination reagent are presented. © 2021 Sociedade Brasileira de Quimica.